Difference between revisions of "DsPIC30F 5011 Development Board"

From OpenCircuits
Jump to navigation Jump to search
Line 680: Line 680:
 
**Fractional values can be converted to Floating point values using: '''fo = Fract2Float(fr);''' for fr = [-1, 1-2<sup>-15</sup>]
 
**Fractional values can be converted to Floating point values using: '''fo = Fract2Float(fr);''' for fr = [-1, 1-2<sup>-15</sup>]
 
**Floating point values can be converted to Fractional values using: '''fr = Float2Fract(fo);''' or '''fr = Q15(fo);''' for fo = [-1, 1-2<sup>-15</sup>]
 
**Floating point values can be converted to Fractional values using: '''fr = Float2Fract(fo);''' or '''fr = Q15(fo);''' for fo = [-1, 1-2<sup>-15</sup>]
 +
**Float2Fract() is same as Q15(), except having saturation control. When +ve >= 1, answer = 2<sup>15</sup>-1 = 32767 (0x7FFF). When -ve < -1, answer = -2<sup>15</sup> = -32767 (0x8000)
  
 +
----
  
−
----
 
 
===Buildin Library===
 
===Buildin Library===
  

Revision as of 20:43, 5 December 2006

Introduction

Features of dsPIC30F5011

  • 2.5 to 5V
  • Up to 30MIPs
  • High current/sink source I/O pins: 25mA
  • DSP Instruction Set
  • Dual programming techniques: ICSP and RTSP
  • UART: up to 2 modules
  • I2C: up to 1Mbps
  • 10-bit A/D, 1.1 Msps
  • 12-bit A/D, 200 ksps
  • 66Kb flash, 4Kb RAM, 1Kb EEPROM
  • No DAC

Web Page

Forum

  • PICList: Discussion on older PIC systems (not dsPIC)
  • PicKit: Discussion on PICkit/PICkit 2 programmers

References


Programming Methods

  • There are 2 programming methods: In-Circuit Serial Programming (ICSP) and Run-Time Self-Programming (RTSP)
  • ICSP allows the devices to be programmed after being placed in a circuit board.
  • RTSP allows the devices to be programmed when an embedded program is already in operation.

ICSP

  • Two types of ICSP are available: ICSP and Enhanced ICSP. Both of them require setting ^MCLR to VIHH (9V – 13.25V).
  • Standard ICSP
    • Use external programmer (e.g. MPLAB® ICD 2, MPLAB® PM3 or PRO MATE® II) only.
    • Required low-level programming to erase, program and verify the chip.
    • Slower, because codes are serially executed.
    • Program memory can be erased using Normal-Voltage (4.5 – 5.5V) or Low-Voltage (2.5V – 4.5V).
  • Enhanced ICSP
    • Use external programmer and Programming Executive (PE).
    • PE is stored in the on-chip memory.
    • PE allows faster programming.
    • PE can be downloaded to the chip by external programmer using the standard ICSP method.
    • PE contains a small command set to erase, program and verify the chip, avoiding the need of low-level programming.
  • Hardware Interface
Table 2.1 Pin Used by ICSP
Pin Label Function Pin Number
^MCLR Programming Enable 7
VDD Power Supply 10, 26, 38, 57
VSS Ground 9, 25, 41, 56
PGC Serial Clock 17
PGD Serial Data 18


Table 2.2 Available Programmers in the Market
Product Name Interface with PC Interface with Device Price (US) Postage (US) Total (US)
MPLAB® ICD 2 USB/RS232 6-PIN RJ-12 connector $159.99 - -
PRESTO PIC Programmer Plus USB ? $200.16 $15.00 $215.16
Full Speed USB Microchip ICD2
Debugger and Programmer 		USB 6-PIN ICSP connector
6-PIN RJ-12 connector 		$72.00 $12.00 $84.00
Mini Microchip Compatible ICD2
Debugger and Programmer 		RS232 6-PIN ICSP connector
6-PIN RJ-12 connector 		$45.00 $10.00 $55.00
ICDX30 RS232 6-pin RJ-11 $51.00 $47.46 $98.46
Clone Microchip ICD2 RS232 6-pin flat cables $30.00 $12.00 $42.00


Table 2.3 DIY ICD 2 Programmer Circuit
Source Schematic PIC16F877A Bootloader
Patrick Touzet Yes HEX
Nebadje Yes Zip
  • Software Interface
    • The program can be written and compiled in an Integrated Development Environment (IDE) using either Assembly or C. The complied codes are then loaded to the device through the external programmer.


Table 2.4 Summary of IDE
Product Name Features OS Price (US$)
MPLAB® IDE Assembler Only Windows Free
MPLAB® C30 Assembler and C-Compiler Windows $895.00 (Free student version1)
Piklab 0.12.0 Assembler and C-Compiler Linux Free2
  1. Full-featured for the first 60 days. After 60 days only optimization level 1 can be enabled in the compiler. The compiler will continue to function after 60 days, but code size may increase.
  2. The current version supports external programmer ICD 2, but not yet tested.

RTSP

  • RTSP works in normal voltage (^MCLR no need to raise to VIHH).
  • No literature has mentioned the incorporation of Programming Executive (PE). Presumably, since Enhanced ICSP needs to set ^MCLR to VIHH, RTSP cannot use PE.
  • Refer to bootloader section.


Circuit Design and PCB

IC Requirements

Table 3.1 IC Requirements
Part No. Description Min Temp Max Temp Min Volt Max Volt Typ Cur Max Cur
dsPIC30F5011-30I/PT uP -40oC 85oC 2.5V [1] 5.5V 250mA
MAX3232ESE RS232 driver -40oC 85oC 3.0V 5.5V 0.3mA 1.0mA
ADM483E ANZ RS485 driver -40oC 85oC 4.5V 5.5V 0.036mA
DAC6574DGS 10-bit Quad-DAC I2C -40oC 105oC 2.7V 5.5V 0.6mA 0.9mA
74HC14D Quad-Schmitt Trigger -40oC 125oC 2.0V 6.0V 50mA
Overall -40oC 85oC 4.5V 5.5V <310mA [2]
  1. Minimum voltage measured is 3.3V (with 2 LEDs blinking) running at 30MHz.
  2. Measured current at 5V is 180mA (with 2 LEDs blinking only)

Module Board

  • Functions
    • Primary communication with other module boards via RS232 over short distance.
    • Secondary communication with benchtop via RS458 over longer distance.
    • Digital control I/O for 1 laser (e.g. on/off, detect temp overheat, current alarm)
    • Analog input for data acquisation on power, current and temperature
    • Analog output for power and current control
Table 3.2 Module
Digital Input Digital Output Analog Input Analog Output
1. ICSP 1. LED
2. Bi-color LED
3. RS232
4. RS458
5. Case temp overheat
6. Laser on/off 1,2
7. Interlock
8. Digital ctrl
9. Current 0,1 alarm
 1. Case temp
2. pow 0,1
3. cur0
4. temp0 		1. 10-bit DAC

Benchtop

  • Functions
    • Primary communciation with module boards via RS485
    • Secondary communication with other benchtops via RS232
    • Digital I/O control for 2 lasers
    • Analog inputs on power, current and temperature
    • Analog outputs for power and current control
    • LCD display and rotary key for user input
Table 3.3 Base Benchtop
Digital Input Digital Output Analog Input Analog Output
1. ICSP
2. Rotary Key
3. Push Buttons 		1. LED
2. RS232
3. RS458
4.LCD display
5. Buzzer
6. Digital Ctrl 0,1 		1. Case temp
2. CurrentDetect 0,1
3. PowerDetect 0,1,2,3
4. TempDetect 		1. 10-bit DAC (PowerCurrentCtrl 0,1)


Development Environment

Windows

PIC setup win.JPG

  • C-Compiler, Assembler and Linker are under GNU license.
    • MPLAB C30 C Compiler (*.c -> *.s)
    • MPLAB ASM30 Assembler (*.s -> *.o)
    • MPLAB LINK30 Linker (*.o -> *.exe)
  • PA optimizer, simulator, runtime libraries, header files, include files, and linker scripts are not covered by GNU. Reference is here.
  • Microchip has integrated ASM30, LINK30, assembly header files, linker scripts in MPLAB IDE, which is free for download.
  • MPLAB C30 costs US$895. A 60-day free student version is also available. After 60-days, the optimizer is automatically disabled, while other tools can still function properly. Refer to Table 2.4.


Table 4.1 C Libraries in MPLAB C30
Library Directory
(\\Microchip\MPLAB C30)		 Major functions
DSP Library
(e.g. libdsp-coff.a) 		\lib
\src\dsp
\support\h 		Vector, Matrix, Filter, etc.
16-Bit Peripheral Libraries
(e.g. libp30F5011-coff.a) 		\lib
\src\peripheral
\support\h 		ADC12, IOPort, UART, I2C, etc.
Standard C Libraries
(e.g. libc-coff.a, libm-coff.a, libpic-coff.a) 		\lib
\src\libm
\include 		stdio.h, time.h, float.h, math.h,
MPLAB C30 Built-in Functions none _buildin_addab, _buildin_add, _buildinmpy, etc

Linux

PIC setup linux.JPG

  • C Compiler, Assembler and Linker are under GNU license.
    • The code can be downloaded from Microchip at here.
    • Current MPLAB ASM30 Assembler: v2.04
    • Current MPLAB C30 Compiler: v2.04
  • John Steele Scott has made templates that can be readily used by Debian-based systems. Someone at http://noel.feld.cvut.cz/dspic/ has done the necessary conversion to *.deb already.
    • Download pic30-1.32-debian.tar.bz2 for Template v1.32. (For v2.01, please goto pic30-debian-2.01.tar.bz2).
    • Download pic30-binutils_1.32-1_i386.deb for the assember.
    • Download pic30-gcc_1.32-1_i386.deb for the compiler.
  • Important Note: Only the compiler is free. The header files and library is owned by Microchip.
    • Thomas Sailer suggested to download the Student version of C30 compiler and then build the libraries without source code. A package template for Fedora system is available here.
    • Instructions for filling the upstream direction is available here.
    • Alteratively, Stephan Walter has started a project to develop C Runtime Library for dsPIC.
      • Current libraries in version 0.1.1 include: assert.h, cdefs.h, ctype.h, errno.h, inttypes.h, stdint.h, stdio.h, stdlib.h, string.h
  • Burning Program Codes to Target Board
  1. Use 'dspicprg and dspicdmp' utilities developed by Homer Reid to burn hex code (*.hex) to devices. See Reference here. Through serial port only?
  2. Use Piklab IDE. Details on file format not known.
  3. Use MPLAB IDE to burn hex code (*.hex) to devices.

Code Optimization

  • Code Optimization under GNU license supports O0 and O1 only.
  • MPLAB C-Compiler supports O0, O1, O2, Os and O3. The Student version will disable O2, Os, and O3 after 60 days.
  • Below is a comparsion between different optimization levels for the project including drivers for uart, i2c, adc.


Table 4.2 Comparison between differnt optimization levels
Optimization Description Code Size (byte) Data Usage (byte)
O0 No optimization
Fastest Compilation 		7467 174
O1 Optimize
Tries to reduce code size and execution time. 		6291 174
O2 Optimize even more
Performs nearly all supported optimizations
that do not involve a space-speed trade-off.
Increases both compilation time and the
performance of the generated code. 		5151 174
O3 Optimize yet more.
O3 turns on all optimizations specified by O2
and also turns on the inline-functions option. 		5214 174
Os Optimize for size.
Os enables all O2 optimizations that do not
typically increase code size. It also performs
further optimizations designed to reduce code
size. 		5097 174


Programming Tips

Memory Map for 5011

        16-bit
<-------------------->
+--------------------+ 0x000000

|       Flash        | 

|   (22K x 16 bits)  | 
            
+--------------------+ 0x00B000

|      Reserved      | 

+--------------------+ 0x7FFC00

|      EEPROM        | 

|   (1K x 8 bits)    | 

+--------------------+ 0x800000

|    Programming     | 

|     Executive      | 

+--------------------+ 0x8005C0

|       Unit ID      | 

+--------------------+ 0x800600

|      Reserved      | 

+--------------------+ 0xF80000

| Config  Registers  | 

+--------------------+ 0xF80010

|      Reserved      | 

+--------------------+ 0xFF0000

| Device ID (0x0080) | 

+--------------------+ 0xFF0004

|      Reserved      | 

+--------------------+ 0xFFFFFE

Data Location

Table 5.1 Data Location
Type Description Example
_XBSS(N) [1] RAM Data in X-memory, aligned at N, no initilization int _XBSS(32) xbuf[16];
_XDATA(N) [1] RAM Data in X-memory, aligned at N, with initilization int _XDATA(32) xbuf[] = {1, 2, 3, 4, 5};
_YBSS(N) [1] RAM Data in Y-memory, aligned at N, no initilization int _YBSS(32) ybuf[16];
_YDATA(N) [1] RAM Data in Y-memory, aligned at N, with initilization int _YDATA(32) ybuf[16] = {1, 2, 3, 4, 5};
__attribute__((space(const))) Flash ROM data, constant, accessed by normal C statements, but 32K max. int i __attribute__((space(const))) = 10;
__attribute__((space(prog))) Flash ROM data, read/write by program space visibility window (psv) int i __attribute__((space(prog)));
__attribute__((space(auto_psv))) Flash ROM data, read by normal C statements, write by accessing psv int i __attribute__((space(auto_psv)));
__attribute__((space(psv))) Flash ROM data, read/write by (psv) int i __attribute__((space(psv)));
_EEDATA(N) [1] ROM Data in EEPROM, aligned at N, read/write with psv int _EEDATA(2) table[]={0, 1, 1, 2, 3, 5, 8};
 void main(){

    PSVPAG = __builtin_psvpage(&table);

    CORCONbits.PSV = 1;

    ...

    if(table[2]){

       ...

    }

 }
_PERSISTENT RAM Data, data remain after reset int _PERSISTENT var1, var2;
_NEAR RAM Data at near section int _NEAR var1, var2;
_ISR Interrupt service rountine void _ISR _INT0Interrupt(void);
_ISRFAST Fast interrupt service rountine void _ISRFAST _T0Interrupt(void);
  1. N must be a power of two, with a minimum value of 2.

Driver Development

Table 5.2 Driver Development
Item Description Start Date Completion Date Test Date
DI/DO and 10ms Timer interrupt Simple switching of LEDs 07 Nov 2006 08 Nov 2006 15 Nov 2006
UART RS232 and RS485 08 Nov 2006 10 Nov 2006 16 Nov 2006
I2C DAC 13 Nov 2006 28 Nov 2006 28 Nov 2006
Analog I/O Sampling analog signal 29 Nov 2006 30 Nov 2006 1 Dec 2006
Usage of Standard C-libraries 1. math.h
2. stdlib.h 		08 Nov 2006 08 Nov 2006 21 Nov 2006
Usage of DSP libraries 1. Vector
2. Matrix
3. DFT
Usage of Buildin libraries 1. __builtin_add
2. __builtin_divud
3. __builtin_clr


Configuration Bits

  • System clock source can be provided by:
  1. Primary oscillator (OSC1, OSC2)
  2. Secondary oscillator (SOSCO and SOSCI) with 32kHz crystal
  3. Internal Fast RC (FRC) oscillator at 7.37MHz
  4. Low-Power RC (LPRC) oscillator (Watchdog Timer) at 512 kHz.
  • These clock sources can be incorporated with interal Phase-locked-loop (PLL) x4, x8 or x16 to yield the osciallator frequrence FOSC
  • The system clock is divided by 4 to yield the internal instruction cycle clock, FCY=FOSC/4
  • FRC with PLLx16 is used to achieve FCY=29.48MHz (30MIPS)
    _FOSC(CSW_FSCM_OFF & FRC_PLL16);


UART

  • 5011 provides two UART channels UxART, for x=1, 2.
  • UxMODE, UxSTA, UxBRG are registers used to set the mode, indicate the status, and set the baud rate respectively.
  • For UART communications compatiable with RS232 standard, an external driver (e.g. MAX3232ESE) is needed.
  • For UART communications compatiable with RS485 standard, an external driver (e.g. DS3695N) is needed.

Auto baud rate detection

  • The method is provided by ingenia bootloader.
  • The PC sends a ASCII character 'U' (0x55) to the target board.
  • On the first rising edge of the start bit, the target board starts the timer.
  • At the fifth rising edge, the timer is stopped, let the count number be t_count.
    • The measured period corresponds to 8 bits transmitted at a baud rate uxbrg.
  _   _   _   _   _   _
_|S|_|1|_|1|_|1|_|1|_|S|_  (S = Start Bit)
 <--------------->
   Measured Time
  • The relationship between uxbrg and TMR is
Measured Time (in seconds) = t_count/Fcy
uxbrg = 1/(Measured Time/8)
      = 8*Fcy/t_count
  • Since UxBRG is computed by:
UxBRG = (Fcy/(16*Baudrate)) -1
      = (Fcy/(16*8*Fcy/t_count)) -1
      = t_count/128 -1
  • The following is the code for auto baud rate detection for U2ART:
U2MODEbits.ABAUD = 1;		//Enable Autobaud detect from U2RX (from IC2 if 0)
U2MODEbits.UARTEN = 1;		//U2ART enable
//Timer 3 Config==========================================================
PR3 = 0xFFFF;			// Set counter to maximum
_T3IF = 0;			// Clear interrupt flag
_T3IE = 0;			// Disable interrupt
T3CONbits.TON = 1;		// Start the timer, TMR3 count up
//Input Capture Config====================================================
IC2CONbits.ICM = 3;		//Detect rising	
_IC2IF = 0;			//Clear interrupt flag
_IC2IE = 0; 			//Disable interrupt
//Start Auto baud detection===============================================
unsigned int i=0;
cli();				//Disable Global Interrupt
while(!_IC2IF);			//1st rising edge detected
TMR3 = 0;			//Clear TMR3 to start count up
_IC2IF = 0;			//Clear interrupt flag
while(!_IC2IF);			//2nd rising edge detected
_IC2IF = 0;			//Clear interrupt flag
while(!_IC2IF);			//3rd rising edge detected
_IC2IF = 0;			//Clear interrupt flag
while(!_IC2IF);			//4th rising edge detected
_IC2IF = 0;			//Clear interrupt flag
while(!_IC2IF);			//5th rising edge detected
_IC2IF = 0;			//Clear interrupt flag
T3CONbits.TON = 0;		//Stop the timer
sti(); 			//Enable Global Interrupt
//Compute value for BRG register==========================================
unsigned int time;
time = ((TMR3+0x40)>>7)-1;	//+0x40 for rounding
//========================================================================
return time;
  • For 30MIP, tested speeds of transmission include 9600bps, 19200bps, 28800bps, 38400bps and 57600bps.


I2C

  • Two lines are devoted for the serial communication. SCL for clock, SDA for data.
  • Standard communication speed includes
  1. Standard speed mode: 100kHz
  2. Fast speed mode: 400kHz
  3. High speed mode: 3.4MHz
  • dsPIC30f5011 supports standard and fast speed modes. The maximum speed attainable is 1MHz.
  • Pull-up resistors are required for both SCL and SDA. Minimum pull-up resistance is given by:
    Pull-up resistor (min) = (Vdd-0.4)/0.003  ......  [See section 21.8 in Family reference manual]
  • 2.2Kohm is typical for standard speed mode.
  • After initiating a start/stop/restart bit, add a small delay (e.g. no operation) before polling the corresponding control bit (hardware controlled). For example:
     StartI2C();
				
     Nop();			//A small delay for hardware to respond

     while(I2CCONbits.SEN);	//Wait till Start sequence is completed
  • After sending a byte and receiving an acknowledgement from the slave device, ensure to change to idle state. For example:
     MasterWriteI2C(0x55);

     while(I2CSTATbits.TBF);		//Wait for transmit buffer to empty

     while(I2CSTATbits.ACKSTAT);	//Wait for slave acknowledgement

     IdleI2C();


ADC

  • 12-bit ADC: (Max 16 Channels)
  • Allow a maximum of 2 sets of analog input multiplexer configurations, MUX A and MUX B (Normally use one only).
  • A maximum of 200kps of sampling rate when using auto sampling mode.

Configuration

  • Interrupt: Clear ADC interrupt flag and enable ADC interrupt. The ADC module will be set to interrupt when the specified channels are updated.
  _ADIF = 0;				//clear ADC interrupt flag
  _ADIE = 1;				//enable adc interrupt
  • I/O: Set the corresponding TRISBX bits (digit i/o config) to input (i.e. = 1), and set corresponding bits in ADPCFG (analog config) to zero.
  _TRISB2 = 1;		//Set AN2 [Case Temp] as analog input
  _TRISB8 = 1;		//Set AN8 [Power detect 0] as analog input
  _TRISB9 = 1;		//Set AN9 [Power detect 1] as analog input
  _TRISB10 = 1;		//Set AN10 [Current detect 0] as analog input
  _TRISB11 = 1;		//Set AN11 [Temp detect 0] as analog input
  ADPCFG = 0xF0FB;	//0 => Analog, 1 => Digital
  • Scanning Mode: Scan mode is used. In this mode, the Sample and Hold (S/H) is switched between the channels specified by ADCSSL (Scan select register).
  ADCSSL = 0x0F04;	//0 => Skip, 1 => Scan
  • Reference Voltage for S/H: Only MUX A is used. By default, the negative reference voltage of the S/H is connected to VREF-.
  ADCHSbits.CH0NA = 0;
  • Sampling Rate: TAD refers to the time unit for the ADC clock. To configure the ADC module at 200kbps, the minimum sampling time of 1TAD = 334ns is required. ADCS<5:0> in ADCON3 register is used to set the time, which is given by:
     ADCS<5:0> = 2(TAD/TCY)-1 
               = 2(334e-9/33.34e-9)-1 
               = 19

     ADCON3bits.SAMC = 1;	//1TAD for sampling time
     ADCON3bits.ADRC = 1;	//Use internal ADC clock
     ADCON3bits.ADCS = 19;	//Set TAD = 334ns
  • Settings for ADC Operation: For 200kbps operation, the voltage references for the ADC voltage are connected to VREF+ and VREF-. Scan input is enabled, and the module will generate an interrupt when all selected channels have been scanned.
     ADCON2bits.VCFG = 3;	//External Vref+, Vref-
     ADCON2bits.CSCNA = 1;	//Scan input
     ADCON2bits.SMPI = 4;	//take 5 samples (one sample per channel) per interrupt
  • More Settings for ADC Operation: Turn on the module, select the data output format as unsigned integer, and allow auto setting of SAMP bit (auto sampling).
     ADCON1bits.ADON = 1;	//Turn on module
     ADCON1bits.FORM = 0;	//[2 fractional]; [3 siged fractional]
     ADCON1bits.SSRC = 7;	//auto covert, using internal clock source
     ADCON1bits.ASAM = 1;	//auto setting of SAMP bit

Storing ADC Data

  • 16 registers (ADCBUF0 -ADCBUF15) are dedicated to store the ADC data between interrupts. However, the data in ADCBUFx does not necessarily correspond to the data taken for channel x. Since the lowest register will always be filled first, when some of the channels are not scanned (i.e. skipped), care must be taken. The following code checks the ADCSSL register for the current scanning channels and moves the data to the corresponding position in *adc_buf.
     void _ISR _ADCInterrupt(void){
          _ADIF = 0;	//Clear adc interrupt
          //==========================================================
          unsigned char channel = 0;
          unsigned char buffer = 0;
          for (; channel<ADC_MAX_CH; channel++){
              if(adc_ch_updated(channel)){	//Check if channel has updated
                   adc_buf[channel] = ADC16Ptr[buffer]; //Copy data to adc_buf
                   buffer++;
              }
          }
     }
     unsigned char adc_ch_updated(unsigned char ch){
          unsigned int mask;
          mask = 0x0001 << ch;
          if(ADCSSL & mask)
             return 1;
        return 0;
     }

Adding and Removing Channels

  • Channels may be added or removed by changing _TRISBX, ADPCFG, ADCSSL and ADCON2bits.SMPI.


DSP Library

  • Library functions in <dsp.h> include the following categories: Vector, Window, Matrix, Filtering, Transform, and Control.

Data Types

  • Signed Fractional Value (1.15 data format)
    • Inputs and outputs of the dsp functions adopt 1.15 data format, which consumes 16 bits to represent values between -1 to 1-2-15 inclusive.
    • Bit<15> is a signed bit, positive = 0, negative = 1.
    • Bit<14:0> are the exponent bits e.
    • Positive value = 1 - 2-15*(32768 - e)
    • Negative value = 0 - 2-15*(32768 - e)
  • 40-bit Accumulator operations (9.31 data format)
    • The dsp functions use the 40 bits accumalators during arithmatic calculations.
    • Bit<39:31> are signed bits, positive = 0x000, negative = 0x1FF.
    • Bit<30:0> are exponent bits.
  • IEEE Floating Point Values
    • Fractional values can be converted to Floating point values using: fo = Fract2Float(fr); for fr = [-1, 1-2-15]
    • Floating point values can be converted to Fractional values using: fr = Float2Fract(fo); or fr = Q15(fo); for fo = [-1, 1-2-15]
    • Float2Fract() is same as Q15(), except having saturation control. When +ve >= 1, answer = 215-1 = 32767 (0x7FFF). When -ve < -1, answer = -215 = -32767 (0x8000)

Buildin Library

Bootloader

Concepts

  • Programming with ICSP is useful when the target board is produced in batch. The producer can download a program even when the chip is on the target board.
  • However, ICSP requires an external programmer.
  • To allow the user to change the program after production but without the need of an external programmer, bootloader becomes useful.
  • Bootloader is a small program installed via ICSP. Everytime the device is reset, the bootloader is run first. The bootloader first detects the default serial channel whether the user wishes to download a new program to the device. If so, the bootloader will pause there, and wait for the user to download the hex file from the PC. The hex file is written to the device via RTSP instructions in the bootloader. If a new download is not necessary, the bootloader redirects to the previously installed user's program.
  • The disadvantage of bootloaders is that they consume some of the memory of the device.


Table 6.1 Free bootloaders for dsPIC
Developer Source Platform User Guide Remarks
ingenia Assembly Windows pdf
  • Works for all dsPIC supporting RTSP
  • Auto baudrate detection
  • Use about 1.15% of the flash memory space (0xAFFF-0xAE00)/(0xAFFF-0x0100)
  • Development of Linux platform is underway
  • Modification of code for dsPIC30F5011 is successful
Tiny Assembly Windows Web
  • By default, only supports 601X, 601X, 401X, 2010
  • Smaller code size than ingenia, but not as easy to modify
Elektronika Hex Windows txt
  • Only works for dsPIC30F6014 serial port UART2 at baudrate 57600

ingenia

Modification

  • For 5011, the bootloader is located between 0x00AE00 to 0x00AFFE. Refer to C:\Program Files\Ingenia\ingeniadsPICbootloader\ibl_dspiclist.xml after installing the GUI interface.
  • Changes made to assembly code includes:

1. including p30f5011.gld and p30f5011.inc 

       .include "p30f5011.inc"

2. changing the config code of UART #0x8420 -> #0x8020 

       ; Uart init
       mov #0x8020, W0           ; W0 = 0x8020 -> 1000 0000 0010 0000b
       mov W0, U2MODE            ; Enable UART, AutoBaud and 8N1
       clr U2STA

3. changing the start address 0xAE00 - 0x0100 = 0AD00 

         .equ CRC, W4
         .equ ACK, 0x55
         .equ NACK, 0xFF
         .equ USER_ADDRESS, 0x0100
         .equ START_ADDRESS, 0xAD00                ; Relative to 0x0100

4. using Internal FRC and PLL16 

       config __FOSC, CSW_FSCM_OFF & FRC_PLL16 ;Turn off clock switching and
                                          	;fail-safe clock monitoring and
                                           	;use the Internal Clock as the
                                          	;system clock

5. disabling MCLR (optional) 

       config __FBORPOR, PBOR_ON & BORV_27 & PWRT_16 & MCLR_DIS
                                           ;Set Brown-out Reset voltage and
                                           ;and set Power-up Timer to 16msecs

6. changing all the related registers of U1ART to U2ART, all U1XXX => U2XXX 

       U2MODE, U2STA, U2BRG, U2RXREG, U2TXREG

7. changing all the related registers of IC1 to IC2, all IC1XXX => IC2XXX 

       IC2CON, #IC2IF, #IC2IE

Communication Protocol

  • Communication Protocol is reviewed in user's guide section 2.1.3. The following summarises the key steps on the PC side (Refer also to section 2.2.2).
  • Transmission is conducted in 8N1, i.e. 8-bit, no parity, 1 stop-bit
  • Stage 1: User's configuation
    • Select a baudrate
    • Select a COM port channel
  • Stage 2: Autobaud rate detection and version control
    • Continuously sending a character "U" [0x55] via COM port
    • Continuously waiting for an acknowledgment character "U", [ACK] = [0x55]
    • Send command character [0x03]
    • Receive 3 characters 1) Major Version 2) Minor Version 3) Acknowledgment [0x33]
    • Prints the version number [Major.Minor] (e.g. 1.1) on screen.
  • Stage 3: Loading and writing the program
    • Load the user hex file, check integrity.
    • Start loading file using:
      • Read command character [0x01] + 24-bit address [High][Medium][Low]
      • Receive 4-byte data [High][Medium][Low][ACK]
      • Write command character [0x02] + 24-bit address [High][Medium][Low]+ Number of bytes [N] + [data 0] + [data 1] + ... + [data N-1] + [CRC]=(INTEL HEX8 Checksum - Sum modulo 256)
      • Recieve [ACK] or [NACK] = [0xFF]
      • Note: Writing is in row mode access (i.e. erase and write a whole row, each row has 32 instructions, or 96 bytes because each instruction has 24 bits)
  1. Ensure the initial address of writing match an initial row position,
  2. Send the data corresponding to the whole row.

USB/RS232 Interface


Programming the Device

Requirements

  • Hardware
  1. PC with COM port (Windows XP Installed)
  2. ICD2 Programmer
  3. Target Board
  4. 5V Power Supply
  • Software
  1. MPLAB IDE v7.50 or higher
  2. ingenia dsPIC bootloader GUI v1.1 or higher
  • Files
  1. Modified ingenia bootloader (ingenia.hex). Original assembly code can be downloaded from here.
  2. Application hex file (e.g. app.hex)

Procedures

Loading Bootloader

  1. Do NOT connect ICD 2 (via USB) to PC
  2. Execute MPLAB vX.XX Install.exe
  • Install USB Driver for ICD 2
  1. Follow the instruction in (C:\Program Files\Microchip\MPLAB IDE\ICD2\Drivers\Ddicd2.htm)
  • Run MPLAB IDE on PC
  • Select target chip
  1. Select: Configure>Select Devices...
  2. Choose dsPIC30F5011
  • Plug-in ICD 2 to PC (USB)
  1. Do NOT connect target (via 6-pin cable) to ICD 2
  • Select ICD 2 as the current programmer
  1. Select: Programmer>Select Programmer>MPLAB ICD 2
  2. If this is the first time the ICD 2 is connected to PC, MPLAB IDE will automatically download the required OS to ICD 2, wait until it has finished
  3. You should also see Warnings on invalid device IDs, and/or running self tests. Ignore these warnings since the target board has not been connected yet.
  • Place Jumper on target board
  • Connect target board to ICD 2 (via six pin cable)
  1. Beware of the pin assignments. Only pin 1 - 5 should be used.
  • Power-up the Target
  • Establish connection with target
  1. On MPLAB IDE, Select Programmer>Connect
  2. See results of self test: Programmer>Settings, Status Tab. Refer to ICD2 User's Guide Chapter 7.
  • Load the bootloader hex file ingenia.hex on MPLAB IDE
  1. Select: File>Import...
  • Download the bootloader to target board
  1. Select: Programmer>Program
  • Power-down the Taget.
  • Disconnect ICD 2 from PC
  1. Select: Programmer>Select Programmer>None
  2. Unplug USB cable

Loading Application

  • Install ingenia dsPIC bootloader GUI on PC
  1. Execute ingeniadsPICbootloader.exe
  • Connect target board to COM Port
  • Power-down target board
  • Run ingenia dsPIC bootloader GUI
  • Press "OK, my platform is shut down" in Dialog 0
  • Select COM port and baud rate in Dialog 1
  • Power-up target board in Dialog 2
  • Load the app.hex by pressing Open in Dialog 3
  • Download the hex file by pressing Write in Dialog 3
  • Power-down target board and disconnect from COM port
Retrieved from "http://www.opencircuits.com/index.php?title=DsPIC30F_5011_Development_Board&oldid=2333"