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== Capacitors == | == Capacitors == | ||
=== Basics === | === Basics === | ||
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[[Image:Cap_basic_equ.png|c=q/v]] | [[Image:Cap_basic_equ.png|c=q/v]] | ||
− | + | where | |
− | + | C = capacitance ( units: farad = volts /coulomb ) | |
− | + | V = voltage ( unit: volts ) | |
− | + | Q = charge in the capacitor ( unit: coulomb ) | |
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A simple application of the formula above occurs when a constant or near constant current flow into a capacitor: then the voltage across it increases at a constant rate, the graph of the voltage against time will be a line rising ( or falling for a negative current ) from the left to the right. If the current is constant the line is straight. | A simple application of the formula above occurs when a constant or near constant current flow into a capacitor: then the voltage across it increases at a constant rate, the graph of the voltage against time will be a line rising ( or falling for a negative current ) from the left to the right. If the current is constant the line is straight. | ||
+ | Uses | ||
+ | ac coupling – blocking -- isolation | ||
+ | timing | ||
+ | Time for a capacitor to charge or discharge is very roughly RC where R is the resistor in series with the capacitor. | ||
+ | Filter ( often power supply filter ) | ||
+ | decoupling | ||
+ | tuned circuits | ||
− | + | There are many diferent technologies for manufacturing capacitor each with its own advantages and disadvantages. | |
− | + | Some capacitors manufactured between 1999 until today are made with bad electrolyte. Avoid these, see [[Capacitor plague]] for more info. | |
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=== Electrolytic === | === Electrolytic === | ||
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==== Aluminum ==== | ==== Aluminum ==== | ||
==== Tantalum ==== | ==== Tantalum ==== | ||
* [[10uF Tantalum Capacitor]] | * [[10uF Tantalum Capacitor]] | ||
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=== Ceramic === | === Ceramic === | ||
=== Film === | === Film === | ||
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== Inductors == | == Inductors == | ||
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"Ferrites? I don't know much about 'em, I only use ferrites in switching regulators." --National Semiconductor's Bob Pease | "Ferrites? I don't know much about 'em, I only use ferrites in switching regulators." --National Semiconductor's Bob Pease | ||
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== Resistors == | == Resistors == | ||
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List of standard 1% resistors. If you want 1% resistors, you must pick from this list or you will pay a fortune for the resistor, assuming you can ever get it. | List of standard 1% resistors. If you want 1% resistors, you must pick from this list or you will pay a fortune for the resistor, assuming you can ever get it. | ||
Interpret these numbers as the "mantissa" of the value. | Interpret these numbers as the "mantissa" of the value. | ||
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806 825 845 866 887 | 806 825 845 866 887 | ||
909 931 953 976 | 909 931 953 976 | ||
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=== Carbon === | === Carbon === | ||
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=== Metal Film === | === Metal Film === | ||
=== Wire-Wound === | === Wire-Wound === | ||
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=== Precision === | === Precision === | ||
− | + | === Potentiometers === | |
− | == Potentiometers == | + | [[Digital_Potentiometers]] |
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[[Category:Components]] | [[Category:Components]] |