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An '''oscilloscope''' (often abbreviated '''o'scope''' or '''scope''') displays signal voltages as a 2-D graph, usually as voltage (vertical axis) as a function of time (horizontal axis). | An '''oscilloscope''' (often abbreviated '''o'scope''' or '''scope''') displays signal voltages as a 2-D graph, usually as voltage (vertical axis) as a function of time (horizontal axis). | ||
− | The o'scope is one of | + | The o'scope is one of the most important peices of test equipment because it lets you look at what is happening in different parts of a circuit. Without it you are almost blind ( multimeters and logic analizers can also help you "see" ). |
The ''probe'' of a o'scope is held against, or is clipped to, the metal wire carrying the signal of interest. | The ''probe'' of a o'scope is held against, or is clipped to, the metal wire carrying the signal of interest. | ||
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''... more techniques ...'' | ''... more techniques ...'' | ||
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= Open Source Oscilloscopes = | = Open Source Oscilloscopes = | ||
− | Of course, you have to already have a working o'scope in order to build and test another o'scope, making this the same sort of chicken-and-egg problem as the [[Projects#RepRap | RepRap]] project, the [http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/GNU_Compiler_Collection GCC project], and other projects | + | Of course, you have to already have a working o'scope in order to build and test another o'scope, making this the same sort of chicken-and-egg problem as the [[Projects#RepRap | RepRap]] project, the [http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/GNU_Compiler_Collection GCC project], and other projects David Cary finds interesting. |
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=PC Oscilloscopes= | =PC Oscilloscopes= | ||
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==Open Hardware for PC Oscilloscopes== | ==Open Hardware for PC Oscilloscopes== | ||
===Bitscope=== | ===Bitscope=== | ||
− | + | * $575 BS100U: 2 analog inputs + 8 digital inputs, optically isolated, from BitScope Designs (MetaChip Pty. Ltd.) [http://bitscope.com/]; [http://www.endolith.com/wordpress/2008/06/17/bitscope/ review by Endolith] | |
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* $695 BS325U: 2 analog inputs + 8 digital inputs, optically isolated, from BitScope Designs (MetaChip Pty. Ltd.) [http://bitscope.com/] | * $695 BS325U: 2 analog inputs + 8 digital inputs, optically isolated, from BitScope Designs (MetaChip Pty. Ltd.) [http://bitscope.com/] | ||
− | * $ | + | * $1595 BS442: 4 analog inputs + 8 digital inputs, ethernet connection, from BitScope Designs (MetaChip Pty. Ltd.) [http://bitscope.com/] |
− | * $ | + | * $475 BS50U: 1 BNC analog input + POD (2 analog or 8 digital inputs), usb powered, from BitScope Designs (MetaChip Pty. Ltd.) [http://bitscope.com/] |
===MultiAnalyser=== | ===MultiAnalyser=== | ||
Some people on the PIClist have been discussing designing an open-source oscilloscope. | Some people on the PIClist have been discussing designing an open-source oscilloscope. | ||
− | * I think initial discussions occured on the [http://www.piclist.com/techref/postbot.asp?by=thread&id=%5BEE%5D+scope+project+anyone%3F&tgt=browse "scope project anyone?"] thread [http://www.piclist.com/techref/postbot.asp?by=time&id=piclist\2004\09\17\111014a.txt] at PIClist. | + | * I think initial discussions occured on the [http://www.piclist.com/techref/postbot.asp?by=thread&id=%5BEE%5D+scope+project+anyone%3F&tgt=browse "[EE] scope project anyone?"] thread [http://www.piclist.com/techref/postbot.asp?by=time&id=piclist\2004\09\17\111014a.txt] at PIClist. |
* Later discussion moved to the [http://tech.groups.yahoo.com/group/MultiAnalyser/ "MultiAnalyser" group at Yahoo] | * Later discussion moved to the [http://tech.groups.yahoo.com/group/MultiAnalyser/ "MultiAnalyser" group at Yahoo] | ||
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=== Xprotolab - Miniature Oscilloscope and Waveform Generator === | === Xprotolab - Miniature Oscilloscope and Waveform Generator === | ||
− | * $35 The Xprotolab is a small mixed signal oscilloscope in a DIP module, designed to be used on a breadboard. It also has an arbitrary waveform generator. [http://www.gabotronics.com/development-boards/xmega-xprotolab.htm Xprotolab] | + | * $35 The Xprotolab is a small mixed signal oscilloscope in a DIP module, designed to be used on a breadboard. It also has an arbitrary waveform generator. [http://www.gabotronics.com/development-boards/xmega-xprotolab.htm Xprotolab]. |
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==Closed, COTS Hardware for PC Oscilloscopes== | ==Closed, COTS Hardware for PC Oscilloscopes== | ||
* For low frequencies, pretty much any external sound card with a line input will work. External card line inputs generally have a range around 0-1 V whereas onboard microphone inputs only have up to about 50 mV, which just isn't enough sensitivity. The [http://vtluug.org/wiki/Lab-in-a-Box Virginia Tech Lab-in-a-Box] recommends the Behringer UCA202. To use a sound card oscilloscope on a regular basis, a circuit with variable attenuation is recommended (i.e. 1x and 10x). Compensation for the hardware and software gain can be done as part of the attenuator circuit or in software. | * For low frequencies, pretty much any external sound card with a line input will work. External card line inputs generally have a range around 0-1 V whereas onboard microphone inputs only have up to about 50 mV, which just isn't enough sensitivity. The [http://vtluug.org/wiki/Lab-in-a-Box Virginia Tech Lab-in-a-Box] recommends the Behringer UCA202. To use a sound card oscilloscope on a regular basis, a circuit with variable attenuation is recommended (i.e. 1x and 10x). Compensation for the hardware and software gain can be done as part of the attenuator circuit or in software. | ||
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==PC Oscilloscope Software== | ==PC Oscilloscope Software== | ||
− | ===Free | + | ===Free Software=== |
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− | * | + | * [http://sourceforge.net/projects/xoscope/ Sourceforge: xoscope] is a digital oscilloscope for Linux that uses input from a sound card or EsounD and/or a ProbeScope/osziFOX and will soon support Bitscope hardware. The sound card device is hard-coded but instructions for modifying it are on the [http://vtluug.org/wiki/Lab-in-a-Box#Software VTLUUG wiki]. |
− | * [http:// | + | * [http://www.baudline.com/source_code.html Baudline GPL version] is a signal analyzer designed for scientific visualization, using input from recorded data files or from a sound card. For Linux / Solaris. The source code is expensive and it is intended for qualified corporate or institutional buyers. |
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− | + | * [http://tomeko.net/miniscope_v3/ Miniscope v3] is a digital oscilloscope for Windows. It connects to device using external dll. Available libraries to connect with sound card, Microchip MCHPUSB Generic HID Demo and custom AT91SAM7S64 hardware. | |
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− | * [http://tomeko.net/miniscope_v3/ Miniscope v3] | ||
* [http://dsoda.sf.net Digital Soda] is a simple GTK+ frontend for the DSO-2250 USB oscilloscope for Unix/Linux. | * [http://dsoda.sf.net Digital Soda] is a simple GTK+ frontend for the DSO-2250 USB oscilloscope for Unix/Linux. | ||
− | * [http:// | + | * [http://linux.softpedia.com/get/Science/Osqoop-11562.shtml: Osqoop] is an open source software oscilloscope. Osqoop project features an arbitrary number of channels and long acquisition durations. Signal processing and external peripherals control is possible through a plugin architecture. |
* [http://www.embeddedravi.com/forum/viewtopic.php?f=2&t=4#p27: oscilloscope] pic microcontroller demo oscilloscope PC based oscilloscope embedded system parallel port LPT. | * [http://www.embeddedravi.com/forum/viewtopic.php?f=2&t=4#p27: oscilloscope] pic microcontroller demo oscilloscope PC based oscilloscope embedded system parallel port LPT. | ||
− | * [http://code.google.com/p/arduinoscope ArduinoScope] Oscilloscope based on Arduino hardware platform and Processing library. | + | * [http://code.google.com/p/arduinoscope/: ArduinoScope] Oscilloscope based on Arduino hardware platform and Processing library. Please look at [http://www.semageek.com/fabriquez-un-oscilloscope-pour-pc-avec-un-kit-arduino/: this article(sorry it's in french)] |
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− | + | ===Non-Free Software=== | |
− | + | *[http://www.virtins.com "Multi-Instrument"]converts a PC into multiple test & measurement instruments such as oscilloscope, spectrum analyzer, signal generator, spectrogram, distortion analyzer, network analyzer, data logger, LCR meter, vibrometer, etc. Besides sound cards, it supports many other ADC/DAC cards. Free Trial with full functionality for 21 days. | |
− | ===Non- | + | * [http://www.baudline.com/what_is_baudline.html Baudline gratis download] (dual licensed, see Free Software entry). |
− | *[http://www.virtins.com "Multi-Instrument"] converts a PC into multiple test & measurement instruments such as oscilloscope, spectrum analyzer, signal generator, spectrogram, distortion analyzer, network analyzer, data logger, LCR meter, vibrometer, etc. Besides sound cards, it | ||
− | * [http://www.baudline.com/what_is_baudline.html Baudline gratis download] (dual | ||
* [http://www.zelscope.com/ Zelscope] Converts your PC into a dual-trace storage oscilloscope and spectrum analyzer. It uses your computer's sound card as analog-to-digital converter. Windows trialware. | * [http://www.zelscope.com/ Zelscope] Converts your PC into a dual-trace storage oscilloscope and spectrum analyzer. It uses your computer's sound card as analog-to-digital converter. Windows trialware. | ||
− | * [http://www.bitscope.com/software/dso/ BitScope DSO] is a digital oscilloscope logic analyzer for Linux and Windows. | + | * [http://www.bitscope.com/software/dso/ BitScope DSO] is a digital oscilloscope logic analyzer for Linux and Windows. It works with BitScope hardware and is distributed as freeware. |
− | * [http://www.zeitnitz.de/Christian/scope_en Zeitnitz Souncard Scope] and function generator. For Windows but runs under Wine | + | * [http://www.zeitnitz.de/Christian/scope_en Zeitnitz Souncard Scope] and function generator. For Windows but runs under Wine. |
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=Non-PC Oscilloscope Projects= | =Non-PC Oscilloscope Projects= | ||
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* [http://www.circuitcellar.com/archives/viewable/Zhang205/index.html "Handheld Multifunction Scope"] by Jingxi Zhang & Yang Zhang, 2007. "dual-channel oscilloscope supports 250 ksps for each channel". ... also: ohmmeter, capacitance meter, and inductance meter ... pulse generator ... small speaker and OLED output. All functions work stand-alone with OLED display, but it can also be to a host PC with the USB port to display waveforms on the PC display. | * [http://www.circuitcellar.com/archives/viewable/Zhang205/index.html "Handheld Multifunction Scope"] by Jingxi Zhang & Yang Zhang, 2007. "dual-channel oscilloscope supports 250 ksps for each channel". ... also: ohmmeter, capacitance meter, and inductance meter ... pulse generator ... small speaker and OLED output. All functions work stand-alone with OLED display, but it can also be to a host PC with the USB port to display waveforms on the PC display. | ||
* [http://www.dansworkshop.com/electricity-and-electronics/homebuilt-oscilloscope.htm Dan's Workshop: Notes on converting that old compact tv set or computer monitor into an oscilloscope.] | * [http://www.dansworkshop.com/electricity-and-electronics/homebuilt-oscilloscope.htm Dan's Workshop: Notes on converting that old compact tv set or computer monitor into an oscilloscope.] | ||
* [http://www.intio.or.jp/jf10zl/tvosc.htm "TV Oscilloscope Adaptor"] "This ... adapter ... changes a TV to a Oscilloscope." | * [http://www.intio.or.jp/jf10zl/tvosc.htm "TV Oscilloscope Adaptor"] "This ... adapter ... changes a TV to a Oscilloscope." | ||
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* Some people are discussing the possibility of somehow converting the (open-source) [[uWatch]] into a o'scope: [http://www.calcwatch.com/forum/viewtopic.php?id=139 WBL: watch based laboratory] | * Some people are discussing the possibility of somehow converting the (open-source) [[uWatch]] into a o'scope: [http://www.calcwatch.com/forum/viewtopic.php?id=139 WBL: watch based laboratory] | ||
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=Uncategorized= | =Uncategorized= | ||
* K3PTO http://www.qsl.net/k3pto/ 8 bit | * K3PTO http://www.qsl.net/k3pto/ 8 bit | ||
* [http://massmind.org/techref/scenix/sxoscope/index.htm Massmind: "SX based O’Scope"] by Alberto Geraci of BTX Sistemas | * [http://massmind.org/techref/scenix/sxoscope/index.htm Massmind: "SX based O’Scope"] by Alberto Geraci of BTX Sistemas | ||
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* [http://www.semifluid.com/?p=9 "PIC12F675 Oscilloscope"] | * [http://www.semifluid.com/?p=9 "PIC12F675 Oscilloscope"] | ||
* [http://zedomax.com/blog/2006/12/28/diy-hack-make-your-own-oscilloscope/ "DIY HACK - Make your own Oscilloscope"] | * [http://zedomax.com/blog/2006/12/28/diy-hack-make-your-own-oscilloscope/ "DIY HACK - Make your own Oscilloscope"] | ||
* [http://www.geocities.com/SiliconValley/Lakes/7156/articl3.htm "Solid State Oscilloscope"] by George Katz 1987 -- an extremely simple and small circuit that drives a 10 x 10 LED array. (Would it make sense to adapt the [[PointLess LED Array]] to be more like this?) | * [http://www.geocities.com/SiliconValley/Lakes/7156/articl3.htm "Solid State Oscilloscope"] by George Katz 1987 -- an extremely simple and small circuit that drives a 10 x 10 LED array. (Would it make sense to adapt the [[PointLess LED Array]] to be more like this?) | ||
* [http://www.dos4ever.com/uscope/uscope_e.html "The µSCOPE: A poorman's oscilloscope"] by Ronald Dekker. An extremely small and low-cost circuit based on the 8 pin Microchip PIC12f675; displays "signals up to a few kHz" on a PAL TV screen. "isochronous code". | * [http://www.dos4ever.com/uscope/uscope_e.html "The µSCOPE: A poorman's oscilloscope"] by Ronald Dekker. An extremely small and low-cost circuit based on the 8 pin Microchip PIC12f675; displays "signals up to a few kHz" on a PAL TV screen. "isochronous code". | ||
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Epanorama has many links related to o'scopes and o'scope accessories [http://www.epanorama.net/links/measuring.html#oscilloscope]. | Epanorama has many links related to o'scopes and o'scope accessories [http://www.epanorama.net/links/measuring.html#oscilloscope]. | ||
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* [http://techref.massmind.org/techref/tools.htm#digital_scope Massmind: Digital Oscilloscopes] | * [http://techref.massmind.org/techref/tools.htm#digital_scope Massmind: Digital Oscilloscopes] | ||
− | == | + | == some low-cost oscilloscopes == |
some low-cost oscilloscopes, in no particular order. | some low-cost oscilloscopes, in no particular order. | ||
''... it would be nice to mention sampling rate, # of analog input channels, # of digital input channels, whether it can be used under Linux, does it have output channels ... price should (?) include 2 analog probes, ... is it open hardware? ... anything else?'' | ''... it would be nice to mention sampling rate, # of analog input channels, # of digital input channels, whether it can be used under Linux, does it have output channels ... price should (?) include 2 analog probes, ... is it open hardware? ... anything else?'' | ||
− | price name comments | + | * price name comments |
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* $50 JYETECH Oscilloscope and frequency counter, 1 input, 1MHz analog bandwidth, LCD screen, serial port screen capture [http://www.jyetech.com/Products/LcdScope/eDSO062.html] available here: [http://www.dpcav.com/xcart/product.php?productid=16330&cat=0&page=1&featured] | * $50 JYETECH Oscilloscope and frequency counter, 1 input, 1MHz analog bandwidth, LCD screen, serial port screen capture [http://www.jyetech.com/Products/LcdScope/eDSO062.html] available here: [http://www.dpcav.com/xcart/product.php?productid=16330&cat=0&page=1&featured] | ||
− | * $50 Usbscope.eu, low cost 4 | + | * $50 Usbscope.eu, low cost 2 channel (4 channels available soon), 40 kHz sample rate, 10 bit, 200 samples/channel. [http://www.usbscope.eu] |
* $150 (?) VELLEMAN HPS10 Hand Held Oscilloscope 10MHz sampling rate, LCD: 128x64 pixels [http://www.kitsusa.net/phpstore/html/VELLEMAN-HPS10-Hand-Held-Oscilloscope-989.html] | * $150 (?) VELLEMAN HPS10 Hand Held Oscilloscope 10MHz sampling rate, LCD: 128x64 pixels [http://www.kitsusa.net/phpstore/html/VELLEMAN-HPS10-Hand-Held-Oscilloscope-989.html] | ||
− | * $ | + | * $349.95 VT DSO-2815H,1x150MHz or 2x75MHz,sophisticated trigger functions, a wide range of gain selection, 1kHz squarewave output, with a Multi-Instrument Standard software license, which converts a PC into oscilloscope, spectrum analyzer, multimeter, signal generator, data logger...it also supports sound card (both MME driver and ASIO driver), NI DAQmx cards, etc. [http://www.multi-instrument.com/] The software can be downloaded for 21-day fully functional trial with at least sound card at [http://www.multi-instrument.com/MIsetup.zip] |
− | * $ | + | * $299.95 VT DSO-2810H,1x100MHz or 2x50MHz,sophisticated trigger functions, a wide range of gain selection, 1kHz squarewave output, with a Multi-Instrument Standard software license, which converts a PC into oscilloscope, spectrum analyzer, multimeter, signal generator, data logger...it also supports sound card (both MME driver and ASIO driver), NI DAQmx cards, etc. [http://www.multi-instrument.com/] The software can be downloaded for 21-day fully functional trial with at least sound card at [http://www.multi-instrument.com/MIsetup.zip] |
− | * $ | + | * $250 VT DSO-2810F,2x100MHz, with a Multi-Instrument Standard software license, which converts a PC into oscilloscope, spectrum analyzer, multimeter, signal generator, data logger...it also supports sound card (both MME driver and ASIO driver), NI DAQmx cards, etc. [http://www.multi-instrument.com/] The software can be downloaded for 21-day fully functional trial with at least sound card at [http://www.multi-instrument.com/MIsetup.zip] |
* $89 Poscope Basic2 from PoLabs [http://poscope.com/ PoLabs], 2 analog channels, 16/8 digital channels, PC USB oscilloscope, spectrum analyzer, chart recorder, pattern generator, logic analyzer, PWM/ square generator | * $89 Poscope Basic2 from PoLabs [http://poscope.com/ PoLabs], 2 analog channels, 16/8 digital channels, PC USB oscilloscope, spectrum analyzer, chart recorder, pattern generator, logic analyzer, PWM/ square generator | ||
* $139 Poscope Mega1 from PoLabs [http://poscope.com/ PoLabs], 2 analog channels, 16/8 digital channels, PC USB oscilloscope, spectrum analyzer, chart recorder, pattern generator, logic analyzer, PWM/ square generator | * $139 Poscope Mega1 from PoLabs [http://poscope.com/ PoLabs], 2 analog channels, 16/8 digital channels, PC USB oscilloscope, spectrum analyzer, chart recorder, pattern generator, logic analyzer, PWM/ square generator | ||
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* $170 HobbyLab USB oscilloscope [http://hobbylab.us/USBOscilloscope/Home.htm] | * $170 HobbyLab USB oscilloscope [http://hobbylab.us/USBOscilloscope/Home.htm] | ||
* $500 DS1022C : 2 Channel, 25 MHz Rigol Technologies Inc.[http://rigolna.com/] | * $500 DS1022C : 2 Channel, 25 MHz Rigol Technologies Inc.[http://rigolna.com/] | ||
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* $999 CS320A Cleverscope [http://cleverscope.com/] (has a discussion forum[http://cleverscope.com/forum/]) | * $999 CS320A Cleverscope [http://cleverscope.com/] (has a discussion forum[http://cleverscope.com/forum/]) | ||
* $167 DrDAQ "data logger" (parallel port) from Pico Technology [http://www.drdaq.com/] | * $167 DrDAQ "data logger" (parallel port) from Pico Technology [http://www.drdaq.com/] | ||
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* $90 DSO nano, 1 analog input (1 Ms/s) with 12 bit resolution; buffer: 4096 Point; waveform storage on SD card [http://www.seeedstudio.com/depot/micro-digital-storage-oscilloscopedso-nano-p-512.html]; [http://www.justblair.co.uk/seeed-studio-dso-nano-pocket-digital-storage-oscilloscope-review.html review by Justblair] | * $90 DSO nano, 1 analog input (1 Ms/s) with 12 bit resolution; buffer: 4096 Point; waveform storage on SD card [http://www.seeedstudio.com/depot/micro-digital-storage-oscilloscopedso-nano-p-512.html]; [http://www.justblair.co.uk/seeed-studio-dso-nano-pocket-digital-storage-oscilloscope-review.html review by Justblair] | ||
* $249 MSO-19, 1 ch. 2GSa/s oscilloscope, 8 ch. 200MSa/s logic analyzer, 100MSa/s pattern generator and a TDR. [http://www.linkinstruments.com/mso19.htm MSO-19] | * $249 MSO-19, 1 ch. 2GSa/s oscilloscope, 8 ch. 200MSa/s logic analyzer, 100MSa/s pattern generator and a TDR. [http://www.linkinstruments.com/mso19.htm MSO-19] | ||
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''FIXME: [http://measurementcomputing.com/cbicatalog/directory.asp?dept_id=403 Measurement Computing] has some wireless and USB analog DAQ instruments -- add to the above list.'' | ''FIXME: [http://measurementcomputing.com/cbicatalog/directory.asp?dept_id=403 Measurement Computing] has some wireless and USB analog DAQ instruments -- add to the above list.'' | ||
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* other [[hardware tool | good equipment to buy when getting started]] | * other [[hardware tool | good equipment to buy when getting started]] | ||
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+ | == Embedded Systems ---------------------------------- == | ||
= External Links = | = External Links = | ||
+ | * The [http://ladyada.net/wiki/openbench/start Open Bench project] is developing a set of open source benchtop tools for the electronics workbench -- adjustable DC power supply; LCR meter; waveform generator; frequency counter; logic analyzer; oscilloscope. | ||
* [http://www.embedded.com/columns/breakpoint/160902529?printable=true "Scoping out palm-sized USB oscilloscopes"] by Jack Ganssle 2005, Embedded Systems Design. A review of 3 USB oscilloscopes -- reader comments at the end mention a few more USB o'scopes. ''(FIXME: make sure all the scopes mentioned are included on the above list)'' | * [http://www.embedded.com/columns/breakpoint/160902529?printable=true "Scoping out palm-sized USB oscilloscopes"] by Jack Ganssle 2005, Embedded Systems Design. A review of 3 USB oscilloscopes -- reader comments at the end mention a few more USB o'scopes. ''(FIXME: make sure all the scopes mentioned are included on the above list)'' | ||
* Keith has made a list of [http://www.techtravels.org/amiga/amigablog/?p=167 "PC USB logic analyzers that cost under $1000."][http://www.techtravels.org/tech/logicanalyzer.html], some of which can be used as an o'scope. ''Should I use the same $1000 price cut-off for the above list? Or perhaps double or halve it?'' | * Keith has made a list of [http://www.techtravels.org/amiga/amigablog/?p=167 "PC USB logic analyzers that cost under $1000."][http://www.techtravels.org/tech/logicanalyzer.html], some of which can be used as an o'scope. ''Should I use the same $1000 price cut-off for the above list? Or perhaps double or halve it?'' | ||
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* [http://www.epanorama.net/links/measuring.html#pcmeasuring ePanorama.net: "Using PC as a measurement instrument"] ''(FIXME: anything we should add to the above list?)'' | * [http://www.epanorama.net/links/measuring.html#pcmeasuring ePanorama.net: "Using PC as a measurement instrument"] ''(FIXME: anything we should add to the above list?)'' | ||
* [http://www.teradyne.com/corp/grhs/products_oscilloscopes.html General Radio Scopes] A bit of history. | * [http://www.teradyne.com/corp/grhs/products_oscilloscopes.html General Radio Scopes] A bit of history. | ||
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[[Category:Techniques]][[Category:Test Equipment]] | [[Category:Techniques]][[Category:Test Equipment]] | ||
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